# Problem spots
## Creating distributions
### Risks
#### Vectors
- Code injection
#### Actors
- Build backend
- Environment
## Uploading
### Risks
#### Vectors
- Credential theft
- Code injection
#### Actors
- Environment
- Upload tool
## Installing
### Risks
#### Vectors
- Malicious redirect
- Malicious dependency
#### Actors
- Index
- Installer
# Mitigations
- [[Reproducible builds]]
- [Better defaults](https://nesbitt.io/2026/03/31/npms-defaults-are-bad.html)
- Opt into using anything other than wheels
- Cooldown
- Implicitly update lock files
- Lock file
- Cooldown
- Attestations
- Trusted Publishing
- Staged uploads w/ 2FA
- External hash verification
- CVEs